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De Medici, Dario, Anniballi, Fabrizio, Wyatt, Gary M, Lindström, Miia, Messelhäusser, Ute, Aldus, Clare F 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0197-2755, Delibato, Elisabetta, Korkeala, Hannu, Peck, Michael W and Fenicia, Lucia
(2009)
Multiplex PCR for detection of botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia in clinical, food, and environmental samples.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75 (20).
pp. 6457-61.
ISSN 0099-2240
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), the most toxic substance known, is produced by the spore-forming bacterium Clostridium botulinum and, in rare cases, also by some strains of Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium baratii. The standard procedure for definitive detection of BoNT-producing clostridia is a culture method combined with neurotoxin detection using a standard mouse bioassay (SMB). The SMB is highly sensitive and specific, but it is expensive and time-consuming and there are ethical concerns due to use of laboratory animals. PCR provides a rapid alternative for initial screening for BoNT-producing clostridia. In this study, a previously described multiplex PCR assay was modified to detect all type A, B, E, and F neurotoxin genes in isolated strains and in clinical, food, environmental samples. This assay includes an internal amplification control. The effectiveness of the multiplex PCR method for detecting clostridia possessing type A, B, E, and F neurotoxin genes was evaluated by direct comparison with the SMB. This method showed 100% inclusivity and 100% exclusivity when 182 BoNT-producing clostridia and 21 other bacterial strains were used. The relative accuracy of the multiplex PCR and SMB was evaluated using 532 clinical, food, and environmental samples and was estimated to be 99.2%. The multiplex PCR was also used to investigate 110 freshly collected food and environmental samples, and 4 of the 110 samples (3.6%) were positive for BoNT-encoding genes.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | animals,base sequence,biological assay,botulinum toxins,clostridium,clostridium botulinum,dna primers,dna, bacterial,environmental microbiology,food microbiology,genes, bacterial,humans,mice,neurotoxins,polymerase chain reaction,sensitivity and specificity |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > School of Health Sciences Faculty of Science > School of Biological Sciences |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Health Promotion Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre |
| Depositing User: | Pure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Mar 2016 16:00 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Aug 2023 00:47 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/57567 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/AEM.00805-09 |
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