X-ray crystallographic study of DNA duplex cross-linking: simultaneous binding to two d(CGTACG)(2) molecules by a bis(9-aminoacridine-4-carboxamide) derivative

Hopcroft, N. H., Brogden, A. L., Searcey, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2273-8949 and Cardin, C. J. (2006) X-ray crystallographic study of DNA duplex cross-linking: simultaneous binding to two d(CGTACG)(2) molecules by a bis(9-aminoacridine-4-carboxamide) derivative. Nucleic Acids Research, 34 (22). pp. 6663-6672. ISSN 0305-1048

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Abstract

Acridine-4-carboxamides form a class of known DNA mono-intercalating agents that exhibit cytotoxic activity against tumour cell lines due to their ability to inhibit topoisomerases. Previous studies of bis-acridine derivatives have yielded equivocal results regarding the minimum length of linker necessary between the two acridine chromophores to allow bis-intercalation of duplex DNA. We report here the 1.7 angstrom resolution X-ray crystal structure of a six-carbon-linked bis(acridine-4-carboxamide) ligand bound to d(CGTACG)(2) molecules by non-covalent duplex cross-linking. The asymmetric unit consists of one DNA duplex containing an intercalated acridine-4-carboxamide chromophore at each of the two CG steps. The other half of each ligand is bound to another DNA molecule in a symmetry-related manner, with the alkyl linker threading through the minor grooves. The two crystallographically independent ligand molecules adopt distinct side chain interactions, forming hydrogen bonds to either O6 or N7 on the major groove face of guanine, in contrast to the semi-disordered state of mono-intercalators bound to the same DNA molecule. The complex described here provides the first structural evidence for the non-covalent cross-linking of DNA by a small molecule ligand and suggests a possible explanation for the inconsistent behaviour of six-carbon linked bis-acridines in previous assays of DNA bis-intercalation.

Item Type:	Article
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Pharmacy
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Medicinal Chemistry (former - to 2017) Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry (former - to 2021)
Depositing User:	Rachel Smith
Date Deposited:	13 Jun 2011 12:09
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2022 01:52
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/32147
DOI:	10.1093/nar/gkl930

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