The Emerging Role of Bile Acids in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Thomas, John P., Modos, Dezso, Rushbrook, Simon M., Powell, Nick and Korcsmaros, Tamas (2022) The Emerging Role of Bile Acids in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Frontiers in Immunology, 13. ISSN 1664-3224

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Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that arises due to complex interactions between host genetic risk factors, environmental factors, and a dysbiotic gut microbiota. Although metagenomic approaches have attempted to characterise the dysbiosis occurring in IBD, the precise mechanistic pathways interlinking the gut microbiota and the intestinal mucosa are still yet to be unravelled. To deconvolute these complex interactions, a more reductionist approach involving microbial metabolites has been suggested. Bile acids have emerged as a key class of microbiota-associated metabolites that are perturbed in IBD patients. In recent years, metabolomics studies have revealed a consistent defect in bile acid metabolism with an increase in primary bile acids and a reduction in secondary bile acids in IBD patients. This review explores the evolving evidence that specific bile acid metabolites interact with intestinal epithelial and immune cells to contribute to the inflammatory milieu seen in IBD. Furthermore, we summarise evidence linking bile acids with intracellular pathways that are known to be relevant in IBD including autophagy, apoptosis, and the inflammasome pathway. Finally, we discuss how novel experimental and bioinformatics approaches could further advance our understanding of the role of bile acids and inform novel therapeutic strategies in IBD.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Thomas, Modos, Rushbrook, Powell and Korcsmaros.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bile acids,crohn’s disease,gut metabolites,gut microbiome,immunology and inflammation,inflammatory bowel disease,ulcerative colitis,immunology and allergy,immunology ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2723
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
Related URLs:	https://www.scopus.com/pages/publication...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	02 Jul 2026 12:23
Last Modified:	02 Jul 2026 23:02
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/103603
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2022.829525

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