Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and associated factors among first-year elementary school students

Hoang, Hai Huu, Ngoc Tran, Anh Thi, Nguyen, Van Hung, Binh Nguyen, Thi Thanh, Phuong Nguyen, Thi Anh, Duong Le, Dinh, Jatho, Alfred, Onchonga, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4461-797X, Van Duong, Tuyen, Tu Nguyen, Minh and Thang Tran, Binh (2021) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and associated factors among first-year elementary school students. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2021 (14). pp. 997-1005. ISSN 1178-2390

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Abstract

Purpose: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder commonly in children. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of ADHD and risk factors among first-year pupils in Vietnam’s urban city. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four randomly selected primary schools. Information on 525 pupils in grade 1 (ages 6 to 7 years) was collected from 525 parents/caregivers and 28 teachers. We used the Vanderbilt Assessment Scales with two separate versions for parents and teachers to screen children with ADHD symptoms. Results: Among the total of 525 pupils, 24 (4.6%) were found to have ADHD symptom types (boy: 6.5%; girl: 2.1%). The combined ADHD type accounted for the highest proportion of 3.4%, followed by predominantly inattentive and predominantly hyperactivity type. ADHD prevalence rated by teachers was higher than those rated by parents. High agreement between parents and teachers was reported (κ > 0.6). The risk of ADHD increased in male participants (aOR=4.90, 95% CI 1.51– 15.85), those having a first-degree relative with ADHD (aOR=85.2, 95% CI 1.66– 4371.8), in-utero exposure to tobacco smoke (aOR=4.78, 95% CI 1.31– 17.44), and prenatal alcohol drinking (aOR=8.87, 95% CI 2.29– 34.42). Conclusion: These findings suggest the importance of ADHD screening for pupils attending elementary schools, particularly those with a family history of ADHD. Public health programs should reduce prenatal exposure to the potential risk factors of ADHD (smoking and alcohol consumption).

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	adhd,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,children,risk factors,school health,vietnam,general nursing ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2900/2900
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Related URLs:	https://www.scopus.com/pages/publication...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	29 Sep 2025 11:30
Last Modified:	18 Jun 2026 20:44
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/100500
DOI:	10.2147/JMDH.S301091

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