Exposing the interplay between enzyme turnover, protein dynamics and the membrane environment in monoamine oxidase B

Jones, Hannah B. L., Crean, Rory M, Mullen, Anna, Kendrick, Emanuele, Bull, Steven D., Wells, Stephen A., Carbery, David Ross, Macmillan, Fraser ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2410-4790, Van Der Kamp, Marc W. and Pudney, Christopher Roland (2019) Exposing the interplay between enzyme turnover, protein dynamics and the membrane environment in monoamine oxidase B. Biochemistry, 58 (18). 2362–2372. ISSN 0006-2960

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Abstract

There is an increasing realization that structure-based drug design may show improved success rates by understanding the ensemble of conformations and sub-states accessible to an enzyme and how the environment affects this ensemble. Human monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) catalyzes the oxidation of amines and is inhibited for the treatment of both Parkinson’s disease and depression. Despite its clinical importance, its catalytic mechanism remains unclear and routes to drugging this target would be valuable and relevant. Evidence of a radical in either the transition state or resting state of MAO-B is present throughout the literature, and is suggested to be a flavin semiquinone, a tyrosyl radical or both. Here we see evidence of a resting state flavin semiquinone, via absorption redox studies and electron paramagnetic resonance, suggesting that the anionic semiquinone is biologically relevant. Based on enzyme kinetic studies, enzyme variants and molecular dynamics simulations we find evidence for the crucial importance of the membrane environment in mediating the activity of MAO-B and that this mediation is related to effects on the protein dynamics of MAO-B. Further, our MD simulations identify a hitherto undescribed entrance for substrate binding, membrane modulated substrate access, and indications for half-site reactivity: only one active site is accessible to binding at a time. Our study combines both experimental and computational evidence to illustrate the subtle interplay between enzyme activity, protein dynamics and the immediate membrane environment. Understanding key biomedical enzymes to this level of detail will be crucial to inform strategies (and binding sites) for rational drug design for these drug targets.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Chemistry
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Chemistry of Life Processes Faculty of Science > Research Centres > Centre for Molecular and Structural Biochemistry Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Chemistry of Light and Energy
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	15 May 2019 11:30
Last Modified:	26 Nov 2023 02:27
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/70999
DOI:	10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00213

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