Antibiotics for eradicating meningococcal carriages: Network meta-analysis and investigation of evidence inconsistency

Abdelhamid, Asmaa, Loke, Yoon, Abubakar, Ibrahim and Song, Fujian (2016) Antibiotics for eradicating meningococcal carriages: Network meta-analysis and investigation of evidence inconsistency. World Journal of Meta-Analysis, 4 (4). pp. 77-87. ISSN 2308-3840

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Abstract

AIM: To compare different antibiotics for eradicating the carriage of Neisseria meningitidis, and to investigate heterogeneity and evidence inconsistency.  METHODS: From a search of PubMed and published systematic reviews, we identified 23 trials evaluating 15 antibiotics that could be connected in a trial network. The outcome of interest is the eradication of N. meningitidis. We used WinBUGS to conduct random-effects, mixed treatment comparisons. Heterogeneity and evidence inconsistency was investigated by meta-regression modelling and examining characteristics of trial participants and interventions evaluated.  RESULTS: Rifampin, ciprofloxacin, minocycline, ceftriaxone, and azythromycin were statistically significantly (P<0.05) more effective than placebo. The probability of being the best was 67.0% for a combination of rifampin and minocycline, 25.0% for ceftriaxone, 1.7% for azythromycin, and below 1% for the remaining regimens. Significant inconsistency between the direct and indirect estimates was observed for the comparison of rifampin and ciprofloxacin (P<0.01), which may be caused by different types of carriers and different doses of ciprofloxacin.  CONCLUSION: A range of prophylactic antibiotic regimens are effective for eradicating meningococcal carriages, and treatment choice will depend on the individual priorities of the patients and physicians. In clinical situations where complete eradication is considered to be of the utmost importance, a combination of rifampin and minocycline seems to offer the highest likelihood of success. Ceftriaxone as a single intramuscular injection is also likely to be more effective as compared with the other two antibiotics (ciprofloxacin or rifampin) recommended by the current guidelines.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Epidemiology and Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Health Services and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Public Health and Health Services Research (former - to 2023) Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Population Health
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	01 Dec 2016 00:01
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2023 01:44
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/61546
DOI:	10.13105/WJMA.v4.i4.77

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