Anthocyanins do not influence long-chain n-3 fatty acid status: Studies in cells, rodents and humans

Vauzour, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-8756, Tejera, Noemi, O'Neill, Colette, Booz, Valeria, Jude, Baptiste, Wolf, Insa M. A., Rigby, Neil, Silvan, Jose Manuel, Curtis, Peter J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5211-047X, Cassidy, Aedin, De Pascual-Teresa, Sonia, Rimbach, Gerald and Minihane, Anne-Marie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-4226 (2015) Anthocyanins do not influence long-chain n-3 fatty acid status: Studies in cells, rodents and humans. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 26 (3). pp. 211-218. ISSN 0955-2863

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Abstract

Increased tissue status of the long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is associated with cardiovascular and cognitive benefits. Limited epidemiological and animal data suggest that flavonoids, and specifically anthocyanins, may increase EPA and DHA levels, potentially by increasing their synthesis from the shorter-chain n-3 PUFA, α-linolenic acid. Using complimentary cell, rodent and human studies we investigated the impact of anthocyanins and anthocyanin-rich foods/extracts on plasma and tissue EPA and DHA levels and on the expression of fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2), which represents the rate limiting enzymes in EPA and DHA synthesis. In experiment 1, rats were fed a standard diet containing either palm oil or rapeseed oil supplemented with pure anthocyanins for 8 weeks. Retrospective fatty acid analysis was conducted on plasma samples collected from a human randomized controlled trial where participants consumed an elderberry extract for 12 weeks (experiment 2). HepG2 cells were cultured with α-linolenic acid with or without select anthocyanins and their in vivo metabolites for 24 h and 48 h (experiment 3). The fatty acid composition of the cell membranes, plasma and liver tissues were analyzed by gas chromatography. Anthocyanins and anthocyanin-rich food intake had no significant impact on EPA or DHA status or FADS2 gene expression in any model system. These data indicate little impact of dietary anthocyanins on n-3 PUFA distribution and suggest that the increasingly recognized benefits of anthocyanins are unlikely to be the result of a beneficial impact on tissue fatty acid status.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	anthocyanins,n-3 pufa,liver,rat,human
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Lifespan Health
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	19 Feb 2015 09:56
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2023 01:26
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/52347
DOI:	10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.09.005

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