Genome of the avirulent human-infective Trypanosome—Trypanosoma rangeli

Stoco, Patrícia Hermes, Wagner, Glauber, Talavera-Lopez, Carlos, Gerber, Alexandra, Zaha, Arnaldo, Thompson, Claudia Elizabeth, Bartholomeu, Daniella Castanheira, Lückemeyer, Débora Denardin, Bahia, Diana, Loreto, Elgion, Prestes, Elisa Beatriz, Lima, Fábio Mitsuo, Rodrigues-Luiz, Gabriela, Vallejo, Gustavo Adolfo, Filho, José Franco Da Silveira, Schenkman, Sérgio, Monteiro, Karina Mariante, Tyler, Kevin Morris ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0647-8158, Almeida, Luiz Gonzaga Paula De, Ortiz, Mauro Freitas, Chiurillo, Miguel Angel, Moraes, Milene Höehr De, Cunha, Oberdan De Lima, Mendonça-Neto, Rondon, Silva, Rosane, Teixeira, Santuza Maria Ribeiro, Murta, Silvane Maria Fonseca, Sincero, Thais Cristine Marques, Mendes, Tiago Antonio De Oliveira, Urmenyi, Turán Peter, Silva, Viviane Grazielle, DaRocha, Wanderson Duarte, Andersson, Björn, Romanha, Álvaro José, Steindel, Mário, Vasconcelos, Ana Tereza Ribeiro De and Grisard, Edmundo Carlos (2014) Genome of the avirulent human-infective Trypanosome—Trypanosoma rangeli. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8 (9). ISSN 1935-2735

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Abstract

Background: Trypanosoma rangeli is a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite infecting humans and other wild and domestic mammals across Central and South America. It does not cause human disease, but it can be mistaken for the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi. We have sequenced the T. rangeli genome to provide new tools for elucidating the distinct and intriguing biology of this species and the key pathways related to interaction with its arthropod and mammalian hosts.  Methodology/Principal Findings: The T. rangeli haploid genome is ,24 Mb in length, and is the smallest and least repetitive trypanosomatid genome sequenced thus far. This parasite genome has shorter subtelomeric sequences compared to those of T. cruzi and T. brucei; displays intraspecific karyotype variability and lacks minichromosomes. Of the predicted 7,613 protein coding sequences, functional annotations could be determined for 2,415, while 5,043 are hypothetical proteins, some with evidence of protein expression. 7,101 genes (93%) are shared with other trypanosomatids that infect humans. An ortholog of the dcl2 gene involved in the T. brucei RNAi pathway was found in T. rangeli, but the RNAi machinery is non-functional since the other genes in this pathway are pseudogenized. T. rangeli is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a phenotype that may be explained by a smaller number of anti-oxidant defense enzymes and heatshock proteins.  Conclusions/Significance: Phylogenetic comparison of nuclear and mitochondrial genes indicates that T. rangeli and T. cruzi are equidistant from T. brucei. In addition to revealing new aspects of trypanosome co-evolution within the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, comparative genomic analysis with pathogenic trypanosomatids provides valuable new information that can be further explored with the aim of developing better diagnostic tools and/or therapeutic targets.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	© 2014 Stoco et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Gastroenterology and Gut Biology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Metabolic Health
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	23 Sep 2014 14:18
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2023 01:22
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/50254
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pntd.0003176

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